Silk An ancient, highly prized fabric, silk is derived from the thread produced by the silkworm species Bombyx Mori. Leather This is one of the oldest forms of material used by humans as clothing and it remains an important fabric particularly for footwear and accessories.
Bast fibres Bast fibres like flax for linen , hemp and nettle are a traditional source that has been used by humans for thousands of years, although they presently make up only a small proportion of total fabric use. Experimental fabrics This is a broad category of fibres and materials that are diverse but make up only a tiny fraction of the entire amount of fabrics used.
There are approximately 85 million metric tonnes of fibres produced each year according to Technon Orbichon. Silk production is approximately 0. Notices from our Pro members. Social Share. Related Reading. CO Data. Sign up Find out More. Premium Upgrade Pricing. Connect with CO [email protected]. Welcome to Common Objective - your hub for sustainable fashion business.
Join the community for free today. Bozena Jankowska. Send Feedback Anything missing on this page? Please send us your feedback. Please enter valid data. This cloth can be made from animal hairs and fibres such as silk and raffia.
These materials are very easily found in sub-saharan African countries. They are also organic and environmentally friendly because materials such as fibres and cotton do not require chemicals to be grown. The second part of making textiles is weaving the cloth, which is traditionally done by hand. In large textile production, the looms are electric and do not require the same level of skill as a hand held one.
A loom is used to weave the fabric. The weaving takes place once the fibres have been turned into threads. Some of the threads are then held by the loom whilst someone weaves the other threads. Textiles refer to materials that are made from fibers, thin threads or filaments which are natural or manufactured or a combination. Textiles are created by interlocking these yarns in specific patterns resulting in a length of cloth.
The textile fibers are spun into yarn and then made into fabric by different methods like weaving, knitting, felting. It forms the building block of a garment. So many properties of the fiber, like fiber type, yarn gauge, twist yarns per inch, weave float, how it is processed and finished determine the final product. The most important criteria for quality textiles are.
Type of textile fibers How are textiles made? Classification according to Textile making processes Classification of textiles based on their weave Single cloth or Double cloth Classification of textiles according to their use Some textile related terms. This refers to the yarn used in making the fabric. Check out the post on different types of textile fibers for more detail on this.
Basically speaking you can classify the textiles as natural textiles and synthetic textiles. Thread count This refers to the number of threads per inch of a fabric yarns-per-inch. This denotes how tightly or loosely the fabric will be woven. H igher the thread count higher the number of threads woven per inch, and higher the quality. Learn more about Thread count and why it is counted as a quality yardstick of textiles. Balance of weft yarn and warp yarn In the weaving of the cloth, there will be a balance in the proportion of horizontal weft yarn and the vertical warp yarn.
This is very important in any fabric. In high-quality fabric, this balance either in numbers or in size will always be maintained. Ply The fibers that are woven to make the fabric will either be as a single strand or they will be formed by combining two yarns twisted or even more. When two or more fibers are so twisted together, they result in a stronger, durable yarn which also resists pilling. A two-ply yarn is superior to a single ply yarn.
These are processes used on the fabric to improve its appearance as well as performance. Pre-shrinking, Making it non-wrinkle, dyeing to different colours, sizing, sanforization etc.
More on fabric finishes here. Related posts on Different types of fabrics. Humans have been making textiles for a long long time and have since discovered different methods of making them, decorating them and making things with them. Different types of fibers originated in different parts of the world — cotton in India, Africa; silk in China , wool in Mediterranean and flax for linen in Europe and Egypt ; later these textiles reached all parts of the world and was adopted by all cultures and geographical regions.
The fibers that form textiles are of 2 types. They are harvested from plants or by shearing animal fur. The most common ones you must know are wool, silk from animals cotton, jute, flax from plants. You can read more on natural fabrics and fibers and animal fibers in detail here. Hair bearing animals like silkworms and sheep are shorn of their fur to produce these fibers wool, silk ;Fibers are also extracted from roots, leaves etc of plants like cotton, flax etc.
Minerals like asbestos are also used to make fibers. Major players of the textile industry invest in developing fibers which are economical as well as carry many qualities which are highly desired. These versatile fibers are much in demand and make up almost half of the fiber produced in the world today. Manufactured fibers consist of the following three types. Regenerated cellulose fibers which are made from a viscous solution of cellulose which is purified wood pulp.
Synthetic fibers which are basically chemical raw materials. Blended fibers , man made fibers made by blending other man made fibers or with natural fibers. They are mostly a cross between natural and manmade fibers. Check out the post on Textile fibers for more details on 7 main categories of textile fibers. After the fibers are produced, they are made into yarn.
Different types of fibers under go different types of spinning processes to make them into yarns. Other methods like crocheting, felting, laminating, knotting etc are also used.
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