President Kenyatta, the year-old son of Kenya's founding president, beat him in the last election in , but their rivalry is generations old - their fathers were political opponents in the s. Mr Kenyatta and his running-mate William Ruto were indicted by the International Criminal Court for their alleged roles in the bloodshed a decade ago.
The case ultimately collapsed due to lack of evidence , and after key witnesses died or disappeared. Decoding the poll. Vote strains mixed ethnicity marriages. What first-time voters make of it all. View of those behind poll violence.
Chief EU observer Marietje Schaake said much would depend on the faith people hold in the new electronic voting system. Before election day, a top election official was murdered, there were claims of vote-rigging and hate speech flyers and rhetorical text messages began circulating. Some nervous Kenyans stockpiled food and water , while police prepared emergency first aid kits in the event of violence. Africa Live: Regular updates as Kenyans vote.
Kenya holds its breath before tight poll. Kenya election fears trigger exodus. Kenya Election What you need to know. Vote puts strain on mixed marriages. Data firm that boosted Trump now in Kenya. Kenyatta case: Most high-profile collapse at ICC. This video can not be played To play this video you need to enable JavaScript in your browser. Image source, Reuters. People began queuing early in the morning and even overnight to cast their votes.
But this time around, there is real competition. Six countries have submitted candidates to compete in the first-ever election for the role. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus , the former Ethiopian health and foreign minister, has attracted the most attention because of his support among African members.
His main rival is former French health minister Philippe Douste-Blazy , who is campaigning on proposals like universal health care and lower drug prices. Each of the more than members of the WHO has a single vote, regardless of size or financial contribution to the organization. As with elections at most international organizations, regional solidarity and political horse-trading will play a big role in the final vote. Can Hassan Rouhani shock the world a second time?
He first surprised the world back in , winning the Iranian presidency in a landslide , defeating a slate of hard-line candidates along the way. Critical of his controversial and combative predecessor, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad , he promised to improve ties with the West , revitalize the economy, and implement a civil rights charter.
He soon learned that governing is tougher than campaigning. He negotiated a nuclear deal with the West, freeing Iran of many of the sanctions that it faced. At the same time, the Iranian economy continues to limp along, the relaxation of sanctions has yet to generate tangible results, and the civil rights charter has received mixed reviews.
Ahmadinejad hinted at another run for the presidency, but Supreme Leader Ayatollah Khamenei tacitly disqualified him from running. So for now, Rouhani is favored to win a second term.
Should presidents observe term limits, even if they are not legally obligated to do so? George Washington certainly thought so. But not Paul Kagame. In , Kagame led the Rwandan Patriotic Front , which overthrew the government that launched the Rwandan genocide. He then exchanged his military uniform for a suit and began running the country. At first he did so from his positions as vice president, minister of defense, and commander-in-chief of the army.
In , he became president when the incumbent resigned because he had so little authority. Kagame then ran for the post for the first time in He apparently likes the job. He recently declared that he will run for a third five-year term. He certainly is allowed to do so. Last year, Rwandans voted overwhelmingly to approve a constitutional referendum that allows him to remain in power until An ally of the United States, Kagame has been criticized for an array of human rights abuses.
No other political party has nominated a candidate, and Kagame is expected to win the election in a landslide. Samantha Power , the U. Some critical elections have no secret ballots, very few voters, and decisions shrouded in secrecy. Their main conclusion was that the polls failed because their samples were not truly representative of the voting population. In other words, the people who took part in the polls weren't typical of the country as a whole. There was a particular problem with young voters.
The ones who agreed to answer pollsters' questions tended to be more interested in politics and more left-wing than young people generally. That led to bad estimates of how many young people would actually vote. We've known for a long time that young people are less likely to vote than older people.
But what the polls failed to pick up was the size of the turnout gap between young and old. That led them to overestimate Labour's share of the vote. What changes have the pollsters made? Almost all of the pollsters have changed their methods in response to the failure. Adjustments include raising the age threshold for the oldest band of voters, and weighting results by educational background and interest in politics.
That's supposed to guard against having too many people with degrees in the sample or people who are more interested in politics than average. The biggest changes, though, have been about how to estimate turnout - and especially turnout for different groups of voters. These changes also explain most of the variation that we're seeing between the polling companies.
ComRes and ICM now estimate how likely somebody is to vote based on their age and class background. Broadly speaking, young working-class voters are assumed to be much less likely to vote than older middle-class voters even if they say that they will do so. That tends to suppress the estimate of Labour's vote share. They now take into account whether respondents have voted in the past or whether they usually vote. That means they suggest a closer contest.
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