And Whereas, Since the foregoing declaration was uniformly adopted by our predecessors in National Conventions, an adverse political and religious test has been secretly organized by a party claiming to be exclusively American, it is proper that the American Democracy should clearly define its relation thereto, and declare its determined opposition to all secret political societies, by whatever name they may be called.
And hence a political crusade in the nineteenth century, and in the United States of America, against Catholic and foreign-born is neither justified by the past history or the future prospects of the country, nor in unison with the spirit of toleration and enlarged freedom which peculiarly distinguishes the American system of popular government. Resolved, That we reiterate with renewed energy of purpose the well considered declarations of former Conventions upon the sectional issue of Domestic slavery, and concerning the reserved rights of the States.
That Congress has no power under the Constitution, to interfere with or control the domestic institutions of the several States, and that such States are the sole and proper judges of everything appertaining to their own affairs, not prohibited by the Constitution; that all efforts of the abolitionists, or others, made to induce Congress to interfere with questions of slavery, or to take incipient steps in relation thereto, are calculated to lead to the most alarming and dangerous consequences; and that all such efforts have an inevitable tendency to diminish the happiness of the people and endanger the stability and permanency of the Union, and ought not to be countenanced by any friend of our political institutions.
That the foregoing proposition covers, and was intended to embrace the whole subject of slavery agitation in Congress; and therefore, the Democratic party of the Union, standing on this national platform, will abide by and adhere to a faithful execution of the acts known as the compromise measures, settled by the Congress of ; "the act for reclaiming fugitives from service or labor," included; which act being designed to carry out an express provision of the Constitution, cannot, with fidelity thereto, be repealed, or so changed as to destroy or impair its efficiency.
That the Democratic party will resist all attempts at renewing, in Congress or out of it, the agitation of the slavery question under whatever shape or color the attempt may be made. That the Democratic party will faithfully abide by and uphold, the principles laid down in the Kentucky and Virginia resolutions of , and in the report of Mr. Madison to the Virginia Legislature in ; that it adopts those principles as constituting one of the main foundations of its political creed, and is resolved to carry them out in their obvious meaning and import.
And that we may more distinctly meet the issue on which a sectional party, subsisting exclusively on slavery agitation, now relies to test the fidelity of the people, North and South, to the Constitution and the Union—. That this was the basis of the compromises of confirmed by both the Democratic and Whig parties in national Conventions—ratified by the people in the election of , and rightly applied to the organization of Territories in That by the uniform application of this Democratic principle to the organization of territories, and to the admission of new States, with or without domestic slavery, as they may elect—the equal rights, of all the States will be preserved intact; the original compacts of the Constitution maintained inviolate; and the perpetuity and expansion of this Union insured to its utmost capacity of embracing, in peace and harmony, every future American State that may be constituted or annexed, with a republican form of government.
Resolved, That we recognize the right of the people of all the Territories, including Kansas and Nebraska, acting through the legally and fairly expressed will of a majority of actual residents, and whenever the number of their inhabitants justifies it, to form a Constitution, with or without domestic slavery, and be admitted into the Union upon terms of perfect equality with the other States.
The party's county executive committee consists of the precinct chairmen plus a county chairman who is elected in the primary by the Democratic voters in the county as a whole. The county committee determines policy in such matters as the conduct and financing of the primary, and officially canvasses its results. It also serves as a focal point for party organizing and campaigning efforts.
The State Democratic Executive Committee includes one man and one woman from each of the thirty-one state senatorial districts, plus a chairman and a vice-chairman, formally chosen by the state convention but informally chosen by a caucus of the delegates from each senatorial district.
Occasionally a governor and his advisers will decide that a caucus nominee is simply unacceptable and then will substitute his own choices. By law the state committee is responsible for overseeing the party primary and for canvassing the returns. It also undertakes fund-raising and campaign work for the party. Before Republican Bill Clements' election as governor in , the committee's role was to serve as an adjunct of the governor's office, designed to help the governor as best as it could with political and policy problems.
However, after Clements was elected, the party and its machinery developed a new degree of independence from the governor. The Democratic party has played a central role in the political development of Texas since White Americans first settled the region. The majority of early settlers came from the American South and brought their past political allegiances with them.
Texas Democrats evolved over the years from a very loose association into an organized party. This evolution was slow because the lack of a second party in Texas throughout much of the state's history caused Democrats to be less concerned with developing a unified, centralized party organization and more inclined to engage in factional strife. Throughout much of its existence, the Democratic party has been protective of the status quo. The history of the party in Texas can be divided into two major periods.
In the first period, from independence in through the presidential election of , the Democratic party in Texas was the only viable party in the state. It dominated politics at all levels.
In the second major period, after , the party faced a growing challenge to its control of state affairs from the once ineffective Republican party. Both of the major periods, however, can be subdivided. The latter period divides into three subsections: the s, the s, and the s and s. Several crucial events marked the years through in Texas political history, including the independent nationhood of the Republic of Texas , entrance into the Union, and secession and the Civil War. During these years the Democratic party officially formed in Texas.
As a result, the party in the state was both affected by these events and was a major actor in this period.
Even before Texas gained its independence from Mexico the Democratic party in the United States influenced the politics of the region. As early as February 25, , with the formation of the Texas Association in Russellville, Kentucky, individuals interested in land speculation came together to secure land grants in Texas.
The Texas Association drew its membership from professionals-merchants, doctors, and lawyers-in Kentucky and Tennessee. Many of these men were also close friends of Andrew Jackson and had strong ties to the Democratic party.
Likewise, most of the settlers in Texas were either from the Upper South or the Lower South and held strong allegiances to the Democratic party. Elections in the Republic of Texas demonstrated competition among rival factions or strong individuals. Despite sympathy for the Democratic party in the United States, as yet there was no strong party tradition in the Republic of Texas.
Before , elections in Texas were conducted without organized political parties. Personality was the dominant political force in the state. Contests between factions evolved into a more defined stage of competition with the development of the Democratic party in Texas as a formal organ of the electoral process during the presidential campaign.
Even so, it was some time before Democrats adopted any sort of a statewide network or arranged for scheduled conventions. Nevertheless, between annexation and partisanship developed slowly but steadily. Men who governed the state generally reflected the views of the burgeoning Democratic party.
However, personal loyalty such as that found in the factions supporting and opposing Governor Sam Houston —61 still heavily influenced state politics. Competition for the Democrats came from various sources at different times and included first the Whig party , then the American Know-Nothing party , and finally the Opposition or Constitutional Union party. The mids witnessed rapid growth of the formal mechanisms of party discipline.
For example, delegations from twelve counties attended the state Democratic convention in , yet the following year, with the Know-Nothing threat still seemingly viable, more than 90 percent of Texas counties were represented. During these years the convention system became the chief method of recruiting candidates for office in the Texas Democratic party. In the years after the ongoing upheaval in national politics influenced the party.
In the process Texans moved away from an earlier identification with Jacksonian nationalism and became closely associated with the states'-rights goals of the lower South.
Yet the election of Houston as governor in demonstrated the divisions within the state's political structure, since he represented the Opposition in the contest against the Texas Democratic party.
During the Civil War, the Democratic party in Texas became closely associated with the extreme proslavery wing of the Democratic party in the Confederacy, and partisan activity came to a halt. In the immediate aftermath of the Civil War, during the period of presidential Reconstruction, the split between Unionist and Secessionist Democrats reemerged.
During the war the strongest Unionists had disappeared from the political scene or had moved north. Those who stayed active reluctantly supported the Confederacy. After the war the Unionists continued to support a more egalitarian distribution of power in the state, while working to reduce the influence of former planters. But they split also. Their positions on freedmen ranged from supporting full civil and political rights to opposing anything beyond emancipation.
In part as a result of the split among Democrats but more as a result of congressional Reconstruction nationally, Republicans captured both the governor's office and the state legislature in By Democrats regrouped and overturned the Republican government in the Texas legislature, charging that the administration of Governor Edmund J.
Davis —74 was corrupt and extravagant. Much of the money appropriated during Republican control had in fact gone to frontier defense, law enforcement, and education. Davis had two more years in office, but he could do little with a Democratic legislature pledged to austerity.
In the gubernatorial election of , the Democratic campaign theme included support for states' rights, loyalty to the Confederacy, and an attack on freedmen and Republicans. The final Democratic measure to overturn all Republican influence in Texas came with the passage of the Constitution of , which severely constrained the powers of the state government, cut back on state services and limited the amount of money that could be raised in taxes.
The Democrats' return to power at the end of the Reconstruction era did not mean an end to factional divisions within the state. Like the rest of the nation, Texas faced various third-party challenges during the Gilded Age, a fact that reflected a growing uncertainty about economic conditions. In , however, the state Democratic party continued to focus its attention on the concerns of the Civil War era. In fact, the majority of the delegates to the state Democratic convention were Confederate veterans.
Democratic voters were often White landowning agrarians, manufacturers, lumbermen, bankers, shippers and railroad men, and Protestants. Woodrow Wilson , the next Democratic president, was part of the Progressive movement.
In the period of the New Deal , in the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt , the Democratic party reached enormous strength among labor union members, minority groups, and middle-income people. The Democratic presidents since Roosevelt have been Harry S. Truman , John F. New Word List Word List.
Save This Word! We could talk until we're blue in the face about this quiz on words for the color "blue," but we think you should take the quiz and find out if you're a whiz at these colorful terms.
Words nearby Democratic Party Democracy in America , democrat , democratic , democratic centralism , democratic deficit , Democratic Party , Democratic-Republican Party , Democratic Republic of Congo , democratic socialism , democratize , Democritus. How to use Democratic Party in a sentence Much to the frustration of many Democratic Party activists, major Democratic organizations also tend to be based in Washington and often more focused on federal policy as opposed to what is happening in states and localities.
The Democrats believed that the states should retain as much power as possible. The federal government should only have the powers absolutely necessary for the nation to function.
The Democrats emphasized the rights of the individual. This was a message that was especially well-received by small farmers and factory workers. Slave owners also favored this message, fearing that the federal government might try to end slavery. The Democratic Party also called for the territorial expansion of the United States. Many Ohioans supported the Democratic Party during the s and s.
The major leader of the Democratic Party during this time was Andrew Jackson. He was a hero of the War of and a man with whom western farmers identified. One issue that united Democrats during this era was opposition to the Bank of the United States. Following the War of , President James Madison became convinced that the nation needed a national bank. He believed that the bank would provide a sound currency that permitted the transaction of business.
It also could provide loans to help develop the United States economically. The Bank of the United States, however, did not prevent downturns in the economy. Its actions partly resulted in the Panic of , as well as the Banking Crisis of A deep distrust of banks developed among residents of the United States.
Andrew Jackson used this hatred to help him build a coalition that elected him President of the United States in
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